Letter For Job

Dear Sir/Madam,

                                    I am writing this letter to talk about the job role of ‘Apprentice Digital Video Production Producer’ and what I have trouble with. I assume you have an Exclusivity clause as it says on your description ‘you must not apply for other positions of this nature’.  Some things would need looking over with the contract. For example, you say that I could be working ’10 – 45 hours per week (variable)’ and ‘£15000 - £35000 per annum + benefits’. I would need to know how many hours I would work to earn the maximum wage packet and what the benefits actually are. You would also to work out a confidentiality clause and tell me if there are any trade secrets that I wouldn’t be able to share.

 “Equal opportunity is a stipulation that all people should be treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers or prejudices or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified”. This is a quote which explains What the Equal Opportunities legislation is, your job description fails to meet this criteria and is breaking The Equality Act (2010). This act stops employers such as you from discriminating from age, sex, race ext. Your Description talks about how you must be Christian and under 30 to be part of your organization, this is not acceptable.  Regarding the content you want me to provide, I have several problems with this and I am sure others will have the same problems. If I create this video for you, I wouldn’t be protected because I am yet to receive employer’s liability or rights. Creating this content may seriously harm or hurt others so I would be unable to make it.

In the work you asked applicants to produce, you want us to show ‘Female victims’ and ‘Male offenders’. Don’t you think this represent the genders in a stereotypical and a wrong way? Creating this video will make it seem that all males are sex offenders and female’s victims of rape. You think it won’t make people look like this? Take a look at the media. Whenever it has something to do with teenagers, they are either being violent, failing exams or getting pregnant. We don’t need to put this label on male teens as well.

Ofcom is one of the Broadcasting regulatory bodies and if they saw what you were asking us to create and who we were showing it to, they would have a field day. Firstly you ask us to Interview under 18s about rape, then you ask to put in re-enactments of rape and lastly, you say it is to be          “shown to children at high school”, this is unacceptable.  “1.20 Representations of sexual intercourse must not occur before the watershed (in the case of television) or when children are particularly likely to be listening (in the case of radio), unless there is a serious educational purpose. Any discussion on, or portrayal of, sexual behavior must be editorially justified if included before the watershed, or when children are particularly likely to be listening, and must be appropriately limited.” This is what Ofcom’s rules are on about sexual marital. Ofcom only exists because of the communications act and the Broadcasting act to protect people from harmful content. Lastly, you tell us to use a ‘popular music soundtrack that will appeal to the target audience”. This is not only obscene but illegal as it breeches Intellectual copyright law. Does this mean that if I don't use the popular soundtrack, does this mean that I wont get the job?

 You can even call up to question the Obscene Publications Act of 1959. It states  "it an offence to publish, whether for gain or not, any content whose effect will tend to "deprave and corrupt" those likely to read, see or hear the matter contained or embodied in it. This could include images of extreme sexual activity such as bestiality, necrophilia, rape or torture." So showing a Re enactment of a rape to a younger audience may be seen as Obscene and we could get into a lot of trouble because of it.  

  

Tv Powerpoint

Documentary Mini Task

I would define a documentary as a Programme or film that entertains but also gives information about specific topics to the people that want them. The fact that there can be a documentary for every topic ever means that there will always be one that is suited for someone.

An expository documentary is self-explanatory. They are used to ‘expose’ a person or a topic and usually have a commentator talking over pictures or images. It is all biased on facts and opinions. Some examples would be WWI and WWII documentaries. They show pictures and old movies of the war, paste them together to show what happened back in the war.

An observational documentary will usually be about specific people and how they live their lives. They can often be filmed on hand held cameras but there is never usually a voice over. You only hear the opinion of the person you’re filming. An example of this documentary would be a lot of reality TV like Big Brother and the only way is Essex. Although they may not seem like documentaries, they are all observational as you are watching over someone and how they live.

A performative documentary is where the film maker addresses the audience in a opinionated and emotive way while keeping the form of a narrative structure. The film may not even have a conclusive ending to it. A lot of documentaries that discuss religion and how the world started are made in this form this is because these are topics that are opinionated so you need your film maker to show his or her opinion. Dramatisations are used a lot in this type of documentary as well because it can show you or give an example of what might of happened. These how ever may be fictionalised and people may look at it in the wrong way. Say there was a re enactment of a murder. The people making the programme may not know what had actually happened making the Dramatisation fictional. This then isn't the truth and people will still think it is.

These are similar to interactive Documentaries in the way that the film maker has a opinion on the subject and you will usually tend to side with him. This can then depend on if you actually like the film maker or not. In this type of documentary, the film maker will talk directly to you as if he was trying to push a point to you. This makes the experence of these much more personal.

A reflexive documentary is one where the film maker accepts their presents to the camera and the viewer is just as interested in the content of the film as they are with how it was made. They always focus on realism and they don’t use editing or special effects.

A performance documentary is where the film maker addresses the audience in a opinionated and emotion way while keeping the form of a narrative structure. They film may not even have a concussive ending to it. A lot of documentaries that discuss religion and how the world started are made in this form. This is because these topics are opinionated so you need your film maker to show his or her opinion.

For all documentaries and shows, you will always need to use releases and permissions to shoot and show the product. A location release is a legal document that you would get the land owner to sign for you to have permision to shoot there. You will also need Talent release if your shooting a particular person. You don't always need legal documents to shoot people or places. OfCom is a legal body for film and tellivision and they set the rules and guide lines for shooting. Under the section of Warrents, it says this, “In this section "warranted" has a particular meaning. It means that where broadcasters wish to justify an infringement of privacy as warranted, they should be able to demonstrate why in the particular circumstances of the case, it is warranted. If the reason is that it is in the public interest, then the broadcaster should be able to demonstrate that the public interest outweighs the right to privacy. Examples of public interest would include revealing or detecting crime, protecting public health or safety, exposing misleading claims made by individuals or organisations or disclosing incompetence that affects the public”. This means that they would be able to shoot in that particular Location.

I think a Documentary need to provide the truth as best it can. It is the film maker’s responsibility to do this in as much detail as they can. They must also make sure that the documentary shows both sides of the argument if there is one. The audience need to be able to make up their own mind about something and not just be spoon fed information.

Booklet

Letter for job

Dear Sir/Madam,

                                    I am writing this letter to talk about the job role of ‘Apprentice Digital Video Production Producer’ and what I have trouble with. I assume you have an Exclusivity clause as it says on your description ‘you must not apply for other positions of this nature’.  Some things would need looking over with the contract. For example, you say that I could be working ’10 – 45 hours per week (variable)’ and ‘£15000 - £35000 per annum + benefits’. I would need to know how many hours I would work to earn the maximum wage packet and what the benefits actually are. You would also to work out a confidentiality clause and tell me if there are any trade secrets that I wouldn’t be able to share.

 “Equal opportunity is a stipulation that all people should be treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers or prejudices or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified”. This is a quote which explains What the Equal Opportunities legislation is, your job description fails to meet this criteria and is breaking The Equality Act (2010). This act stops employers such as you from discriminating from age, sex, race ext. Your Description talks about how you must be Christian and under 30 to be part of your organization, this is not acceptable.  Regarding the content you want me to provide, I have several problems with this and I am sure others will have the same problems. If I create this video for you, I wouldn’t be protected because I am yet to receive employer’s liability or rights. Creating this content may seriously harm or hurt others so I would be unable to make it.

In the work you asked applicants to produce, you want us to show ‘Female victims’ and ‘Male offenders’. Don’t you think this represent the genders in a stereotypical and a wrong way? Creating this video will make it seem that all males are sex offenders and female’s victims of rape. You think it won’t make people look like this? Take a look at the media. Whenever it has something to do with teenagers, they are either being violent, failing exams or getting pregnant. We don’t need to put this label on male teens as well.

Ofcom is one of the Broadcasting regulatory bodies and if they saw what you were asking us to create and who we were showing it to, they would have a field day. Firstly you ask us to Interview under 18s about rape, then you ask to put in re-enactments of rape and lastly, you say it is to be          “shown to children at high school”, this is unacceptable.  “1.20 Representations of sexual intercourse must not occur before the watershed (in the case of television) or when children are particularly likely to be listening (in the case of radio), unless there is a serious educational purpose. Any discussion on, or portrayal of, sexual behavior must be editorially justified if included before the watershed, or when children are particularly likely to be listening, and must be appropriately limited.” This is what Ofcom’s rules are on about sexual marital. Ofcom only exists because of the communications act and the Broadcasting act to protect people from harmful content. Lastly, you tell us to use a ‘popular music soundtrack that will appeal to the target audience”. This is not only obscene but illegal as it breeches Intellectual copyright law.

News report

Is Television News a “Window to the World”?

 

In all news programmes the starting sequences are basically very similar.   Here are some examples of things you may see in these sequences:

·         A globe – this signifies that they are aware of all events occurring around the world and that they will bring you coverage from around the world.

·          Key landmarks   – each country uses their own significant landmarks, for example a French news programme may use the Eifel Tower whereas a British one may use Big Ben.  

·         The presenter(s) sitting at the news desk (usually with the man on the left and the woman on the right)

·         Music – loud and attention seeking, drawing attention to the television and announcing that the programme is about to start.

 

 

The news sets will differ depending on the target audience, the TV channel’s style and sometimes the time of day.   They will usually consist of variations of;

·         A desk/table – this will always have papers or a laptop on the table. It will show that the presenters are hard at working getting all the news to you as soon as it comes in.

·         A backdrop – the backdrop will be behind where the presenter(s) is. It will usually show cilloete or a picture of the city they are broadcasting from. It will signify that they are local and you can trust them

·         Neutral colours – You want your audience to relax and listen to your news show so people use nice colours like brown, reds and blues to make it seem very homely.

·         A large TV or screen – this will always be there if they need to cut away to an interview with someone or if an article came up to watch. They show the presenters watching it too to give the connection that they don’t know everything and they are learning from what they are watching just like the audience is.

Small changes can be seen with the morning news and evening news. To make the morning news seem more relaxed, instead of a deck and a chair, you will see the presenters sitting on sofas and reading information off coffee tables. It makes the atmosphere seem more homely and friendly than having someone sitting at a desk.

 

Presenters are arguably the most important thing in a news program. No matter where you are, there will always be a presenter. This is because it makes the audience feel like they are being spoken to in a personal manor and that they mean something to the show.  The presenters will always have qualities like;

·         Formal clothing – this is because it makes them look like they know what they are doing. You’re more likely to listen to someone who is dressed in a suit then someone sitting in jeans and a top.

·         No accent – very rarely the presenter will have an ascent because some people won’t be able to understand it. Most presenters in England will speak Queens English with no accent to be recognised.

·         No emotions – It is important for news shows to give unbiased impartial news. Therefore, presenters cannot be seen to show any sides in a story.

There are a lot of legal requirements for news broadcasters to meet up with regulations

·         Bias – all news programs must show each side of an argument to make sure that the report has no bias. News shows are not allowed to be opinionated in any way. (objectivity)

·         Stories – Some stories are not allowed to be shown because of laws like the prevention of terrorism act. If the story could promote terrorism, then it cannot be broadcasted.

 

 

 

Obviously there isn’t enough time in the world to put on every single different news story that comes in. This means that there has to be some sort of selection process to sift through the news that is good to show and the news that isn’t. Here are some of the news values that Galtung and Ruge identified that would more likely get a story on to the news.

·         Elite nations – different countries have a sort of hierarchy in news. If America had a story to be told and New Zealand had a similar story, we would most probably hear the story form America as we have more of relationship with them than New Zealand

·         Visual image – Stories that are set in beautiful scenery or even violent are more likely to get into the news real.  This is because they will be more interesting to watch. For example, the late war in Afghanistan was shown a lot on TV not only because it was relevant, but because they were good visual images.

In 1979, Dennis McSane identified 5 more values;

·         Hardship and danger in the community – in local news, something that causes distress in the community relates to a lot of us therefor in is more likely to be shown.

 

When a news report is filmed, it is not all filmed at once. You will see that there are cuts in the shots. This then shows into question how ‘real’ a news report actually is. Usually they will use a narrative structure starting with a problem, then showing how the hero solved the problem an after showing what happened to the hero after he tried to solve the problem. Now one news report is done as one full cut so they use cutaways. Say if you were talking to a gentleman about how he single handed stopped a bank robbery. While he was speaking, you might cut away to a shot of the bank or a reconstruction of how it happened. This is used to create a sense of realism but it will never be reality.

 

Technology has made a huge impact on how we access news and where we get news from. Thanks to technology, we can now receive news from all round the world where as back in the old days, we could only get news from regional or just the county itself. Whereas now, someone can be sitting in the studio and get a live link straight to America to get an interview with someone. We now don’t have to just get news from a TV broadcast or a newspaper. We can get out news from the internet. There are hundreds of different news reporters from every country and we can access it all. That has defiantly improved how much news we intake.

 

Ownership

Public Service Broadcasting

 

All British broadcasting started in the 1920s with radio but America already had a broadcasting service. Britain looked at it and didn't like what they saw because it was to commercial. They arid 'soap opras' which were like what we have to day but was described as mindless dribble. A brief was made by Lord Reith about what out broadcasting channel should entail, here are the notes

 

● Educate, inform and entertain;
● Lead public taste, not pander to it;
● Act as a cultural, moral and educative force;
● Present the best of human knowledge, endeavour and achievement;
● Preserve a high moral tone, avoiding the vulgar and the hurtful;
● Bring the nation together ‘as one man’, by ensuring universal access;
● Act as a social cement to create a national identity and an enlightened democracy;
● Remain free from commercial and government pressures.

Notice what the priorities are for the broadcaster, to Educate, inform and entertain,, in that order. This was because Reith thought the British would prefer this to anything else.

America's Broadcasting was Commercial which meant they sold their advertising space to company's. Reith didn't like this because there were more important things to be aired. He also didn't want it to be Government funded because the station would be accused of being a propaganda. His answer to the funding was to create a licence fee to be paid every year. Each house hold will pay a set fee to consume the media offered. This worked and is still happening today.

 

They argument is that is it still necessary. With satalight telly and cable telly where you have to pay subscription fees, people are complaining that they don't need to pay the licence fee because they are not watching the channel that they are paying for. This brings into argument if the BBC should be a subscription channel so they get their money from the people that want to watch their programs.

 

 

 Commercial Broadcasting

 

ITV was the first Commercial Broadcasting station in Brittan. A commercial broadcasting starting sells the space imbetween their programs but in reality, what they do is sell their audience to the advertising companies.

 

Although being a separate company to the PBS, ITV were made to follow the same values of the PBS. For example, they were made to show a certain amount of Religious programs and Documentaries over a weeks of programing. Religious programs had to be shown for 7 hours a week. ITV responded by putting it all on Sunday making Sunday broadcasting dull for the majority.

Nowadays, the restrictions are less but still there. Thankfully, Religious programing is down to just 1 hour a week.

 

Channel 4 was the next commercial broadcasting channel but with a difference. The idea for this channel was to target the minorities with niche Broadcasting. The problem was they had to be funded commercially. This was a problem because of their target audience, not many people would be watching so the advertising space wouldn't sell for much.

The solution was to get ITV to pay a fee to channel 4 and in return they would be able to sell their advertising space. 

 

 

Corporate / Private Ownership

 

Corporate ownership is where you set up a company where the individuals do not own the company but still make money from it. For example, News Corporation, Rupert Murdock owns it but if it was to go under, he wont have to sell everything to pay off his debts.

 

Private ownership is where a company isn't owned by the government.

 

Global Media Companies

 

Most of the  worlds media is owned by a few companies which are named the big six;

• Viacom -  Total Assets of $22.96 Billion - Owns MTV, Paramount Pictures, Nickelodeon
•  News Corporation - Total Assets of $54.384 Billion - Owns Fox, The Times, The New York Post
• TimeWarner - Total Assets of $66.524 Billion - Owns HBO, New Line Cinema, DC Comics
• The Walt Disney Company - Total Assets of $69.206 bullion - Owns Walt Disney Pictures, Marvel Studios, ESPN
• Sony - Total Assets of 137.7 Billion - Owns Sony Pictures Classics, Play Station, Columbia Pictures
• General Electric - 751.216 Billion - Owns NBC, The History Channel, USA Network

Vertical / Horizontal Integration

 



 Vertical Intergraion is a type of management control. Usually, The company will have one owner and they will  have a supply chain where each part of the chain will have a different product. All of these products combine to create something for common interest.

 

Horizotal intergration is simerlar to the vertical in where the one owner will be incontrol of the company but each one of the companys that they own will do almost the same thing. For example, News Corp. own the Sunday times but they also own the daily times and other papers.

 

 

Monopoly

 

A monopoly is where one company owns all the companies in one area. For example, a media company could own every single peice of media that goes out to Britian. There are laws against this as it doesn't give anyone any choise. 



 

Sources of Funding for Broadcasting and Film in the UK

 

The licence fee - This is where a household pays a set price of 145.50. This goes straight to the BBC so they can continue broadcasting without adverts

 

One off payments - This is if you were to go to the shop and buy a CD or go to the Movies and pay for the ticket. It is a one off price that the public would pay for Media goods

 

Pay per View - This is becoming popular in satellite TV where you can pay a fee to watch a film or a TV seriers.

 

Sponsership - Usually, companies will sponser programs that a channel puts on to advertise thier product to a certial audience. For example, Motorola used to sponser The X Factor

 

Advertising - You could advertise your show or media anywhere. One way is Spot Ads where a company will pay for a billbord to be set up with some advertisement for a new show or magerzene ext.

 

Product Placement -  You see this a lot in films. It is where a company pays the film makers to put thier product in the film. A good example is James Bond, Austin Martin puts thier cars in all the time.

 

Private Capital - This is where Rich Indeviduals Invest there spare money into films.

 

Finacial aid and development Funds - BFI is a good example of a development fund, This companys lend thier money to Film makers or media owners to have enough for different projects.